Friday 19 April 2024 01:36:18 PHT

Hiligaynon-English Dictionary

Search the complete text of Kaufmann's 1934 Visayan-English Dictionary.

Searching for i in head words. 3 entries found.

e, The Visayan language has a vowel-sound that is neither that of Spanish "e" nor of Spanish "i", but occupies a position somewhere between the two. Consequently this sound is represented sometimes by "e" and sometimes by "i", even in spelling the same word, e.g. babáye, babáe, babáyi, babái; bebíngka, bibíngka; bígne, bígni, etc.

In choosing between the two vowels "i" has a better claim to recognition than "e", for the following reasons:—

1) The full open sound of "e" is never heard in Visayan, whereas "i" is often very clearly and sharply pronounced.

2) Whilst it is true that in many words the sound, of which we have spoken, is vague, yet as a rule it approaches "i" more nearly than "e".

The conclusion is that "i" can always be used, and that "e" might without loss be abolished from the Visayan Alphabet.

The following words under "e" are given, because, although they are of Spanish origin, yet they are frequently used in Visayan.

i, The letter "i" is pronounced in Visayan as in Spanish, except when it has an abrupt sound as in the words:—dalî, dalîdálì, tahî, hibî, etc. To avoid an hiatus "i" slurs into a following vowel as if a "y" had been inserted, and in fact "y" is often inserted in modern spelling, e.g. hiás, hiyás, tián, tiyán; íos, íyos, etc. However a distinct hiatus occurs when an abrupt "i" is followed by a vowel, e.g. daliá, dali-á, not dalyá; tahión, tahi-ón, not tahiyón; ginharían, ginharí-an, not ginharíyan, etc. (From dalî, tahî, hárì, etc.).
i—, A prefix used:—

1.) in forming all the passive tenses of many verbs having a passive in "i". Many verbs indicating an action that removes something from the agent belong to this class, as: to sell, send, throw, pay, give, hand over to (balígyà, padalá, pilák, báyad, hátag, túnghol), etc. In the forms with gina—and gin—the "i—" is either prefixed or (now commonly) left out entirely, whilst in the forms with paga—and pag—the "i—" comes between the root and paga—or pag—, e.g. hátag—to give. Iginahátag (ginahátag) níya iní sa ákon. He is giving me this. Iginhátag (ginhátag) níya iní sa ákon. He gave me this. Pagaihátag gid níya iní sa ákon. He will surely give me this. Walâ níya pagihátag iní sa ákon. He did not give me this. Indì níya pagihátag iní sa ákon. He will not give me this. Ihátag iní sa ákon. Give me this, etc.

2.) in expressing the idea of—the means by which—,—the instrument with which—, a thing is done, e.g. búhat—to make. Ibúhat iníng káhoy sang ákon baláy. Make use of this wood for building my house. Bakál—To buy. Iníng tátlo ka mángmang ibakál mo sing bág-o nga kálò. Buy a new hat with these three pesos, etc.

3.) in expressing a polite request, e.g. Ipalíhog mo akó ihátag sang ákon katahurán sa kay Fuláno. Do me the favour of paying my respects to N.N. (cf. ig—, iga—, ika—, inog—).

—i, A suffix used in the passive impersonal imperative, in the passive negative present, and in the passive negatived past of verbs having a passive in—an, e.g. patíndog—to set up, build. Patindogí (walâ níya pagapatindogí, walâ níya pagpatindogí) sing baláy iníng lugár. Build (he is not building, has not built) a house on this pot.

 

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